| Year | Won | Margin | Democratic | Republican | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | D | 291 | 164 | 466 | |
| 2020 | D | 352 | 183 | 549 | |
| 2016 | D | 296 | 171 | 490 | |
| 2012 | D | 472 | 166 | 641 | |
| 2008 | D | 454 | 156 | 619 | |
| 2004 | D | 603 | 223 | 841 | |
| 2000 | R | 140 | 256 | 408 | |
| 1996 | D | 465 | 134 | 640 | |
| 1992 | D | 282 | 137 | 496 | |
| 1988 | D | 334 | 151 | 490 | |
| 1984 | R | 236 | 253 | 494 | |
| 1980 | R | 147 | 272 | 456 | |
| 1976 | D | 240 | 194 | 434 | |
| 1972 | D | 275 | 221 | 497 | |
| 1968 | D | 265 | 261 | 554 | |
| 1964 | D | 501 | 278 | 779 | |
| 1960 | D | 334 | 294 | 628 | |
| 1956 | D | 318 | 314 | 632 | |
| 1952 | R | 259 | 413 | 672 | |
| 1948 | D | 334 | 313 | 652 | |
| 1944 | R | 250 | 324 | 574 | |
| 1940 | R | 395 | 491 | 886 | |
| 1936 | D | 410 | 368 | 795 | |
| 1932 | D | 634 | 270 | 911 | |
| 1928 | R | 387 | 405 | 794 | |
| 1924 | R | 225 | 309 | 744 | |
| 1920 | R | 101 | 200 | 335 | |
| 1916 | R | 80 | 182 | 265 | |
| 1912 | D | 105 | 0 | 195 | |
| 1908 | R | 69 | 105 | 178 | |
| 1904 | R | 43 | 118 | 195 | |
| 1900 | D | 100 | 87 | 188 | |
| 1896 | D | 79 | 68 | 147 | |
| 1892 | R | 13 | 78 | 154 | |
| 1888 | — | — | — | — | |
| 1884 | — | — | — | — | |
| 1880 | — | — | — | — | |
| 1876 | — | — | — | — |
Buffalo County's electorate is shaped by the Crow Creek Sioux Reservation, which covers most of its land area and drives the county's consistent and substantial Democratic margins in statewide and federal contests.
The Democratic margin in Buffalo County peaked at fifty-four points in 1912. By 2004 the county had flipped, voting Republican for the first time in many years. The 2024 margin was twenty-seven points, the most Democratic-leaning result in the county's modern history.
The economic context is the key. Buffalo County's median household income of $47,045 sits well below state and national norms, and 34% of residents live below the federal poverty line. The shift here is part of a broader realignment of working-class places across the country. The county's voting pattern over the last decade is most similar to that of Hertford County and Warren County.
